A.P.J.Abdul Kalam [15 October 1931-July 27, 2015]

Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931, at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu.

He played his role as a 11^th president of our democratic India and also, as a well known scientist of India.

Dr. Kalam has been often referred to as the "Missile Man of India" and was the Project Director of India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III).

Again from thiswe all south Indians can make clear that one of our south INDIAN has played an important role at central level and also in the field of science,to lead the country towards success..

Proud to be an INDIAN..Proud to be an South INDIAN..

Kalam’s Early life:

Kalam was born on 15 October 1931, at Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu, the son of Jainulabdeen, a boat owner and Ashiamma, a housewife.

He came from a poor background and started working at an early age to supplement his family's income.He was brought up in a multi-religious environment but did follow a religious routine. As a child, he had a discipline of starting the day at 4:00 am following the footsteps of his father to do homework before going to school to attend mathematics classes. After completing school, Kalam distributed newspapers in order to financially contribute to his father's income. In his school years, he had average grades, but was described as a bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire to learn and who spent hours on his studies, especially mathematics.

"I inherited honesty and self-discipline from my father; from my mother, I inherited faith in goodness and deep kindness as did my three brothers and sisters."

—A quote from Kalam's autobiography^.

After completing his school education at the Rameshwaram Elementary School, Kalam went on to attend Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli where he graduated in physics in 1954. Towards the end, he was not enthusiastic the subject, and would later regret the four years he studied it. He then moved to Madras in 1955 to study aerospace engineering. 

Dr. Kalam took up teaching at Anna University, Chennai from November 2001. He is a prolific author. His books , "Wings of Fire", "India 2020 - A Vision for the New Millennium", "My journey" and "Ignited Minds - Unleashing the power within India" have become bestsellers. He is a favorite with children all over the country and has met children all over the country and has encouraged them with his learned talks. 

Dr. Kalam has received a host of awards both in India and abroad. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1981, Padma Vibhushan 1990 and the Bharat Ratna in 1997. He is of the view that we should work wholeheartedly to make India a developed nation by 2020.Besides being a bachelor, Kalam is a strict disciplarinian, a complete vegetarian and teetotaler. Among the many firsts to his credit, he became India's first President to undertake an undersea journey when he boarded the INS Sindhurakshak, a submarine, from Visakhapatnam. He also became the first president to undertake a sortie in an fighter aircraft, a Sukhoi-30 MKI. Dr.Abdul Kalam's term as president expired in 2007. 

Shakuntala Devi [4th Nov 1939 ]

Shakuntala Devi is also a south India. She was born on

4^th nov 1939 in our garden city Bangalore. This Indian legend is known as Indian Human Computer….

Once again all Indians and South Indians can feel proud about her…

Shakuntala Devi is an Indian calculating genius. Shakuntala Devi was born on November 4, 1939 in Bangalore,India.

Her father worked in a "Brahmin circus”. Her calculating gifts first demonstrated themselves while she was doing card tricks with her father when she was three.

They report she "beat" them by memorization of cards rather than by sleight of hand. By age six she demonstrated her calculation and memorization abilities at the University of Mysore. 

At the age of eight she had success at Annamalai University by doing the same. In 2006 she released a new book called In the

Wonderland of Numbers with Orient Paperbacks which talks about

a girl Neha and her fascination for numbers.

Achievements:

§  In 1977 In Dallas she competed with a computer to see who

give the cube root of 188138517 faster, she won. At university of

USA she was asked to give the 23rd root of

91674867692003915809866092758538016248310668014430862240712651642793465704086709659 32792057674808067900227830163549248523803357453169351119035965775473400756818688305 620821016129132845564895780158806771.

She answered in 50seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC 1108 computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after it was fed with 13000 instructions.

§  On June 18, 1980 she demonstrated the multiplication of two 13-digit numbers 7,686,369,774,870 x 2,465,099,745,779 picked at random by the Computer Department of Imperial College, London. She answered the question in 28 seconds. However, this time is more likely the time for dictating the answer (a 26-digit number) than the time for the mental calculation (the time of 28 seconds was quoted on her own website). Her correct answer was 18,947,668,177,995,426,462,773,730.

Viswanathan Anand[11 Dec 1969]

Viswanathan Anand is also a SOUTH INDIAN…

He was born in Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India.He is an Indian chess Grandmaster and the current World Chess Champion Anand has won the World Chess Championship five times (2000, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012), and has been the undisputed World Champion since 2007 Anand became India's first grandmaster in 1988 He was also the first recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in 1991–92, India's highest sporting honor In 2007, he was awarded India's second highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan, making him the first sportsperson to receive the award in Indian history

Viswanathan (Vishy) Anand became the youngest Indian champion in 1984 at the age of sixteen In 1987, he became the first Asian Chess player to win the World Junior Championship at Baguio City in Philippines  First Indian in 1987, when he was nineteen years old In 1992, he won the very strong Reggio Emilia tournament ahead of the Russian masters Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov He was the runner up to Kasparov in World Championship final in 1995 He beat Kasparov in the rapid chess tournament in September 1996 and Karpov in June 1997 in Hamburg Rapid Chess
Anand won the FIDE World Chess Championship in 2000, at a time when the world title was split He became the undisputed World Chess Champion in 2007 and defended his title against Vladimir Kramnik in 2008 With this win, he became the first player in chess history to have won the World Championship in three different formats: Knockout, Tournament, and Match He will next defend his title in the World Chess Championship 2009 against the winner of the challenger match between Veselin Topalov and Gata Kamsky

Early life

Anand was born on 11 December 1969 in Mayiladuthurai, a small city in Tamil Nadu, India in a Tamil Brahmin family Shortly thereafter, his family moved to Chennai, (formerly Madras), where he grew up^[6] His father, Viswanathan Iyer, is a retired General Manager of Southern Railways, and his mother Susheela, housewife and chess/film/club aficionado and an influential socialite He has an elder brother, Shivakumar who is a manager at Crompton Greaves in India and an elder sister Anuradha who is a professor at the University of Michigan.Anand is 11 years younger than his sister and 13 years younger than his brother

He was taught to play chess by his mother and a close family friend named Deepa Ramakrishnan He described his start in chess in a conversation with Susan Polgar:

I started when I was six My mother taught me how to play In fact, my mother used to do a lot for my chess We moved to the Philippines shortly afterward I joined the club in India and we moved to the Philippines for a year And there they had a TV program that was on in the afternoon, one to two or something like that, when I was in school So she would write down all the games that they showed and the puzzles, and in the evening we solved them together

Of course my mother and her family used to play some chess, and she used to play with her younger brother, so she had some background in chess, but she never went to a club or anything like that

So we solved all these puzzles and sent in our answers together And they gave the prize of a book to the winner And over the course of many months, I won so many prizes At one point they just said take all the books you want, but don't send in any more entries

Anand was educated at Don Bosco Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Egmore, Chennai and holds a degree of Bachelor of Commerce from Loyola College, Chennai

Anand Won the following Chess titles

•1983 National Sub-Junior Chess Champion - at the age 14

•1984 International Master - at the age 15

•1985 Indian National Champion - at the age 16

•1987 World Junior Chess Champion, Grandmaster

•2000 FIDE World Chess Champion

•2003 FIDE World Rapid Chess Champion

Anand also received the following awards

•Anand has received many awards

•Arjuna award for Outstanding Indian Sportsman in Chess in 1985

•Padma Shri, National Citizens Award and Soviet Land Nehru Award in 1987

•The inaugural Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, India's highest sporting honour in the year 1991-1992

•British Chess Federation 'Book of the Year' Award in 1998 for his book My Best Games of Chess

•Chess Oscar (1997, 1998, 2003 and 2004)

Srinivasa Ramanujan[1887-1920]

                                         Srinivasa Ramanujan[1887-1920]

Srinivasa Ramanujan a great mathematician of India.All south Indians should fell proud by knowing that this great mathematician is from our south.

       

                    He born in Erode, a small village about 400 km southwest of Madras.

SRINIVASA AIYANGAR RAMANUJAN,popularly known as Srinivasa Ramanujan or S.Ramanujan,is remembered as the most brilliant mathematician of India.His mathematician approaches have been proved to be highly intellectual and innovative.

 Ramanujan,due to his extreme poverty,could not even complete his college education but he made his own formulas to solve the most complicated mathematical problems and brought a revolution to the field of mathematics.He could solve the most complicated sums as easily if they were simple multiplication or addition.He invented and solved many theorems,which are still today very difficult for many serious mathematician to solve.

Srinivasa Ramanujan was one of India's greatest mathematical genius. He made substantial contributions to the analytical theory of numbers and worked on elliptic functions, continued fractions, and infinite series.

Ramanujan was shown how to solve cubic equations in 1902 and he went on to find his own method to solve the quartic. The following year, not knowing that the quintic could not be solved by radicals, he tried (and of course failed) to solve the quintic.
 By 1904 Ramanujan had begun to undertake deep research. He investigated the series ∑(1/n) and calculated Euler's constant to 15 decimal places. He began to study the Bernoulli numbers, although this was entirely his own independent discovery.

Ramanujan, on the strength of his good school work, was given a scholarship to the Government College in Kumbakonam which he entered in 1904. However the following year his scholarship was not renewed because Ramanujan devoted more and more of his time to mathematics and neglected his other subjects. Without money he was soon in difficulties and, without telling his parents, he ran away to the town of Vizagapatnam about 650 km north of Madras. He continued his mathematical work, however, and at this time he worked on hypergeometric series and investigated relations between integrals and series. He was to discover later that he had been studying elliptic functions.
Continuing his mathematical work Ramanujan studied continued fractions and divergent series in 1908. At this stage he became seriously ill again and underwent an operation in April 1909 after which he took him some considerable time to recover. He married on 14 July 1909 when his mother arranged for him to marry a ten year old girl S Janaki Ammal. Ramanujan did not live with his wife, however, until she was twelve years old.

Increasing financial burdens made Ramanujan search for a job.He approached the founder of the Indian Mathematical Society and requested a job,eventually he was appointed as a clerk in the Madras Port Trust on March 1,1912.This job was a great relief to Ramanujan.Now he was at least free from financial worries and in his spare time he could do mathematics.

Moreover,he found the Chief Accountant for the Madras Port Trust,S.N.Aiyer,was himself a mathematician.S.N.Aiyer had published a research paper on”The Distribution of Primes”based on Ramanujan’s work.

Professor C.L.T Griffith of Madras Engineering College was interested in the works of Ramanujan.Educated in London,he knew many senior mathematicians there,helped Ramanujan to correspond with Professor G.H.Hardy.

A job in the Madras Port Trust really made Ramanujan free from all financial worries.Now he devoted much of his time to mathematics.As a result,his first research paper was also published in the Indian Mathematical Society(Volume 111,1911).Similarly,another research paper was also published in the December edition in 1911,its subject was,’Some Properties of Bernoulli’s Numbers.’ Two more papers appeared in 1912.

During this period Ramanujan was also given tuition to some college level students,these students were from B.A.Mathematics and M.A Mathematics.Ramanujan was teaching them maths using various methods,he also showed them some of his own formulas which could be used to solve mathematical sums even more easily.These colleges students used to call Ramanujan a wizard of mathematics.

Professor P.V.Seshu Aiyer,who had great confidence in Ramanujan’s ability,suggested that he correspond with G.H.Hardy,a fellow of Trinity College,Cambridge,England.Ramanujan wanted to show his latest works to Professor G.H.Hardy,therefore he wrote a letter to Professor Hardy.Here is the text of the original letter written by Ramanujan to Professor G.H.Hardy:-

” Dear sir,

I beg to introduce myself to you as a clerk in the Accounts Department of the Post Trust Office at Madras of a salary 20 pounds per annual.I am now about 23 years of age.I have had no university education but i have undergone the ordinary school course.After leaving school I have been employing the spare time at my disposal to work at mathematics.I have not trodden through the conventional regular course which is followed in a university course,but i am striking out a new path for myself.I have made a special investigation of divergent series in general and the result I get are termed by the local mathematicians as ‘Starling’.

Just as in elementary mathematics you give a meaning to an when n is negative and fractional to confirm to the law which holds when n is a positive integer,similarly the whole of my investigations proceed on giving a meaning to Eularian Second Integral for all values of n.My friend who have gone through the regular course of university education told me that(vide separate piece of paper for mathematical signs) is true only when n is positive.They say that this integral relation is not true when n is negative.Supposing this is true only for positive values of n and also supposing the definition(vide separate piece of paper for mathematical signs) to be universally true,I have given meaning to these integral.My whole investigations are based upon this and i have been developing this to a remarkable extent so much so that the local mathematician are not able to understand me in my higher flights.

Very recently i came across a tract published by you styled Orders of Infinity in page 36 of which I find a statement that no definite_expression has been as yet found for the numbers of prime numbers less then any given number.I have found an expression which very nearly approximates to the real result,the error being negligible.I would request you to go through the enclosed papers.Being poor if you are convinced that there is anything of value i would like to have my theorems published.I have not given the actual investigations nor the expression that I get but i have indicated the lines on which i proceed.Being inexperienced,I would very highly value any advice you give me.Requesting to be excused for the trouble I give you,I remain,dear Sir,

Yours truly,

S.Ramanujan

This letter of Ramanujan’s created great sensation among the scholars at Cambridge.Professor Hardy was stunned at seeing these writings of an unknown Indian clerk.Professor Hardy was surprised,as he had never seen before such examples of highly sophisticated and well written mathematics.He was sure they could only have been written by a mathematician of highest class
Professor Hardy was very impressed with the works of Ramanujan and he decided to invite Ramanujan to Cambridge,England, as soon was possible.Being a man of shrewd judgement,Professor Hardy knew the works of Ramanujan were not cranked,but a self-taught mathematician of the highest order.
After a few months of formalities Ramanujan was finally invited to Cambridge.He arrived in Cambridge on April 14,1914,and joined Trinity College on a special scholarship of 60pounds.
Ramanujan and many other Cambridge scholars were busy exchanging their experiences in mathematics.Once professor Berry was explaining some mathematics complexities to expert mathematicians and Ramanujan was also present.When Professor Berry was doing maths on blackboard ha asked Ramanujan if he wished to say anything.Ramanujan went straight to the blackboard and wrote some of the results which Professor Berry still had  to reach.
Later Prof.Berry said”Ramanujan must have reached those results by pure intuition.His ability in the theory of numbers was in large measure like other mathematicians.Many of the results apparently came to his mind without any effort.He was,however,aware that a good deal of intellectual effort would be required to establish his philosophical theories.”
Professor Hardy published 12 papers about Ramanujan’s mathematical concepts in different science journals. Ramanujan also went through formal studies at Cambridge and graduated in Science on March 16, 1916, aged 29. Ramanujan, for his distinctive work, was awarded the highest British honor he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in February, 1918.Professor Hardy informed Madras University about Ramanujan’s great achievements as a Fellow of the Royal Society,”He should be treated with a mark of special respect”,emphasized Professor Hardy.

Ramanujan was doing very well in his studies but his poor health made him worried.His health was continuously plummeting and finally,on February 27,1919,Ramanujan returned home to India.He was granted a handsome scholarship by Madras University and every possible facility was given to him for his research in Mathematics.

Due to his deep dedication to his work he became run down and caught tuberculosis (T.B).Despite his ill-health he continued to work hard but eventually he had to be admitted into hospital.Every possible effort was made to save his life,but on the fateful day April 26,1920,he passed away at the young age of 32.

Although Ramanujan died long ago,he is always remembered for his supernatural ability in mathematics.Researcher and scholars are still working on various mathematical concepts proved by Ramanujan in his famous ‘Notebooks’.

The only bright star that India could produce in the field of mathematics was Ramanujan.But it was India’s misfortune that they could not recognize this precious jewel early on.When Ramanujan was struggling against his fatal penury no one came to his rescue.But when he was dying of tuberculosis life was desperately attempted to save,but it was too late.Ramanujan died young,but he had made n immense contribution to enrich mathematics.

The many mathematical concepts developed by Ramanujan are still not outdated.Many scholars have been studying the rich amount of theorems and mathematical concepts developed by Ramanujan.A few of his mysterious mathematical formulas have recently been understood,but there are still many theorems which are to be proved.Ramanujan did not live long enough for him to explain how his formulas would work to solve a particular sum.

Professor Hardy,head of the mathematical department in Cambridge University,was one of the leading mathematician in England.He lavishly praised Ramanujan with the following words:

“My account of Mr.Ramanujan’s work has been necessarily fragmentary and incomplete.I have said enough,I hope,to give some ideas of its astonishing individuality and power.India has produce many talented mathematician in recent years, a number of whom have come to Cambridge and attained high academic distinctions.They will be the first to recognize that Mr.Ramanujan’s work is of different category.In him India now possesses a pure mathematician of the first order,whose achievements suggest the brightest hopes for its scientific future”.

 Ramanujan’s talent was recognized by great Prof Hardy….

Still there are many talents in INDIA who has not been recognized for there real talents…there is no other Hardy too…

Who will support them….we INDIANS should…

Proud to be an INDIAN and support the real talents,so that our Nation will be at the top compared to all other countries..

     Thanks for visiting my blog….